Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area

THE CONTRACTING PARTIES,

CONSCIOUS of the indispensable values of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area, its exceptional hydrographic and ecological characteristics and the sensitivity of its living resources to changes in the environment;

BEARING in mind the historical and present economic, social and cultural values of the Baltic Sea Area for the well-being and development of the peoples of that region;

NOTING with deep concern the still ongoing pollution of the Baltic Sea Area;

DECLARING their firm determination to assure the ecological restoration of the Baltic Sea, ensuring the possibility of self-regeneration of the marine environment and preservation of its ecological balance;

RECOGNIZING that the protection and enhancement of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area are tasks that cannot effectively be accomplished by national efforts alone but by close regional co-operation and other appropriate international measures;

APPRECIATING the achievements in environmental protection within the framework of the 1974 Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area, and the role of the Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission therein;

RECALLING the pertinent provisions and principles of the 1972 Declaration of the Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment and the 1975 Final Act of the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE);

DESIRING to enhance co-operation with competent regional organizations such as the International Baltic Sea Fishery Commission established by the 1973 Gdansk Convention on Fishing and Conservation of the Living Resources in the Baltic Sea and the Belts;

WELCOMING the Baltic Sea Declaration by the Baltic and other interested States, the European Economic Community and co-operating international financial institutions assembled at Ronneby in 1990, and the Joint Comprehensive Programme aimed at a joint action plan in order to restore the Baltic Sea Area to a sound ecological balance;

CONSCIOUS of the importance of transparency and public awareness as well as the work by non-governmental organizations for successful protection of the Baltic Sea Area;

WELCOMING the improved opportunities for closer co-operation which have been opened by the recent political developments in Europe on the basis of peaceful co-operation and mutual understanding;

DETERMINED to embody developments in international environmental policy and environmental law into a new Convention to extend, strengthen and modernize the legal regime for the protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area;

HAVE AGREED as follows:

Article 1

Convention Area

This Convention shall apply to the Baltic Sea Area. For the purposes of this Convention the “Baltic Sea Area” shall be the Baltic Sea and the entrance to the Baltic Sea bounded by the parallel of the Skaw in the Skagerrak at 57° 44.43’N. It includes the internal waters, i.e., for the purpose of this Convention waters on the landward side of the base lines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured up to the landward limit according to the designation by the Contracting Parties.

A Contracting Party shall, at the time of the deposit of the instrument of ratification, approval or accession inform the Depositary of the designation of its internal waters for the purposes of this Convention.

Article 2

Definitions

For the purposes of this Convention:

1.       “Pollution” means introduction by man, directly or indirectly, of substances or energy into the sea, including estuaries, which are liable to create hazards to human health, to harm living resources and marine ecosystems, to cause hindrance to legitimate uses of the sea including fishing, to impair the quality for use of sea water, and to lead to a reduction of amenities;

2.       “Pollution from land-based sources” means pollution of the sea by point or diffuse inputs from all sources on land reaching the sea waterborne, airborne or directly from the coast. It includes pollution from any deliberate disposal under the seabed with access from land by tunnel, pipeline or other means;

3.       “Ship” means a vessel of any type whatsoever operating in the marine environment and includes hydrofoil boats, air-cushion vehicles, submersibles, floating craft and fixed or floating platforms;

4.       a) “Dumping” means:

i)    any deliberate disposal at sea or into the seabed of wastes or other matter f rom ships, other man-made structures at sea or aircraft;

ii)   any deliberate disposal at sea of ships, other man-made structures at sea or aircraft;

b) “Dumping” does not include:

i)    the disposal at sea of wastes or other matter incidental to, or derived from the normal operations of ships, other man-made structures at sea or aircraft and their equipment, other than wastes or other matter transported by or to ships, other man-made structures at sea or aircraft, operating for the purpose of disposal of such matter or derived from the treatment of such wastes or other matter on such ships, structures or aircraft;

ii)   placement of matter for a purpose other than the mere disposal thereof, provided that such placement is not contrary to the aims of the present Convention;

5.       “Incineration” means the deliberate combustion of wastes or other matter at sea for the purpose of their thermal destruction. Activities incidental to the normal operation of ships or other man-made structures are excluded from the scope of this definition;

6.       “Oil” means petroleum in any form including crude oil, fuel oil, sludge, oil refuse and refined products;

7.       “Harmful substance” means any substance, which, if introduced into the sea, is liable to cause pollution;

8.       “Hazardous substance” means any harmful substance which due to its intrinsic properties is persistent, toxic or liable to bio-accumulate;

9.       “Pollution incident” means an occurrence or series of occurrences having the same origin, which results or may result in a discharge of oil or other harmful substances and which poses or may pose a threat to the marine environment of the Baltic Sea or to the coastline or related interests of one or more Contracting Parties, and which requires emergency actions or other immediate response;

10.    “Regional economic integration organization” means any organization constituted by sovereign states, to which their member states have transferred competence in respect of matters governed by this Convention, including the competence to enter into international agreements in respect of these matters;

11.    The “Commission” means the Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission referred to in Article 19.

Article 3

Fundamental principles and obligations

1.       The Contracting Parties shall individually or jointly take all appropriate legislative, administrative or other relevant measures to prevent and eliminate pollution in order to promote the ecological restoration of the Baltic Sea Area and the preservation of its ecological balance.

2.       The Contracting Parties shall apply the precautionary principle, i.e., to take preventive measures when there is reason to assume that substances or energy introduced, directly or indirectly, into the marine environment may create hazards to human health, harm living resources and marine ecosystems, damage amenities or interfere with other legitimate uses of the sea even when there is no conclusive evidence of a causal relationship between inputs and their alleged effects.

3.       In order to prevent and eliminate pollution of the Baltic Sea Area the Contracting Parties shall promote the use of Best Environmental Practice and Best Available Technology. If the reduction of inputs, resulting from the use of Best Environmental Practice and Best Available Technology, as described in Annex II, does not lead to environmentally acceptable results, additional measures shall be applied.

4.       The Contracting Parties shall apply the polluter-pays principle.

5.       The Contracting Parties shall ensure that measurements and calculations of emissions from point sources to water and air and of inputs from diffuse sources to water and air are carried out in a scientifically appropriate manner in order to assess the state of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area and ascertain the implementation of this Convention.

6. The Contracting Parties shall use their best endeavours to ensure that the implementation of this Convention does not cause transboundary pollution in areas outside the Baltic Sea Area. Furthermore, the relevant measures shall not lead either to unacceptable environmental strains on air quality and the atmosphere or on waters, soil and ground water, to unacceptably harmful or increasing waste disposal, or to increased risks to human health.

Article 4

Application

1.       This Convention shall apply to the protection of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area which comprises the water-body and the seabed including their living resources and other forms of marine life.

2.       Without prejudice to its sovereignty each Contracting Party shall implement the provisions of this Convention within its territorial sea and its internal waters through its national authorities.

3.       This Convention shall not apply to any warship, naval auxiliary, military aircraft or other ship and aircraft owned or operated by a state and used, for the time being, only on government non-commercial service.

However, each Contracting Party shall ensure, by the adoption of appropriate measures not impairing the operations or operational capabilities of such ships and aircraft owned or operated by it, that such ships and aircraft act in a manner consistent, so far as is reasonable and practicable, with this Convention.

Article 5

Harmful substances

The Contracting Parties undertake to prevent and eliminate pollution of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area caused by harmful substances from all sources, according to the provisions of this Convention and, to this end, to implement the procedures and measures of Annex I.

Article 6

Principles and obligations concerning pollution from land-based sources

1.       The Contracting Parties undertake to prevent and eliminate pollution of the Baltic Sea Area from land-based sources by using, inter alia, Best Environmental Practice for all sources and Best Available Technology for point sources. The relevant measures to this end shall be taken by each Contracting Party in the catchment area of the Baltic Sea without prejudice to its sovereignty.

2.       The Contracting Parties shall implement the procedures and measures set out in Annex III. To this end they shall, inter alia, as appropriate co-operate in the development and adoption of specific programmes, guidelines, standards or regulations concerning emissions and inputs to water and air, environmental quality, and products containing harmful substances and materials and the use thereof.

3.       Harmful substances from point sources shall not, except in negligible quantities, be introduced directly or indirectly into the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area, without a prior special permit, which may be periodically reviewed, issued by the appropriate national authority in accordance with the principles contained in Annex III, Regulation 3. The

Contracting Parties shall ensure that authorized emissions to water and air are monitored and controlled.

4. If the input from a watercourse, flowing through the territories of two or more Contracting Parties or forming a boundary between them, is liable to cause pollution of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area, the Contracting Parties concerned shall jointly and, if possible, in co-operation with a third state interested or concerned, take appropriate measures in order to prevent and eliminate such pollution.

Article 7

Environmental impact assessment

1.       Whenever an environmental impact assessment of a proposed activity that is likely to cause a significant adverse impact on the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area is required by international law or supra-national regulations applicable to the Contracting Party of origin, that Contracting Party shall notify the Commission and any Contracting Party which may be affected by a transboundary impact on the Baltic Sea Area.

2.       The Contracting Party of origin shall enter into consultations with any Contracting Party which is likely to be affected by such transboundary impact, whenever consultations are required by international law or supra-national regulations applicable to the Contracting Party of origin.

3.       Where two or more Contracting Parties share transboundary waters within the catchment area of the Baltic Sea, these Parties shall cooperate to ensure that potential impacts on the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area are fully investigated within the environmental impact assessment referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article. The Contracting Parties concerned shall jointly take appropriate measures in order to prevent and eliminate pollution including cumulative deleterious effects.

Article 8

Prevention of pollution from ships

1.       In order to protect the Baltic Sea Area from pollution from ships, the Contracting Parties shall take measures as set out in Annex IV.

2.       The Contracting Parties shall develop and apply uniform requirements for the provision of reception facilities for ship-generated wastes, taking into account, inter alia, the special needs of passenger ships operating in the Baltic Sea Area.

Article 9

Pleasure craft

The Contracting Parties shall, in addition to
implementing those provisions of this Convention which can appropriately be applied to pleasure craft, take special measures in order to abate harmful effects on the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area caused by pleasure craft activities. The measures shall, inter alia, deal with air pollution, noise and hydrodynamic effects as well as with adequate reception facilities for wastes from pleasure craft.

Article 10

Prohibition of incineration

1. The Contracting Parties shall prohibit incineration in the Baltic Sea Area.

2. Each Contracting Party undertakes to ensure compliance with the provisions of this Article by ships:

a)                registered in its territory or flying its flag;

b)                loading, within its territory or territorial sea, matter which is to be incinerated; or

c)                believed to be engaged in incineration within its internal waters and territorial sea.

3. In case of suspected incineration the Contracting Parties shall co-operate in investigating the matter in accordance with Regulation 2 of Annex IV.

Article 11

Prevention of dumping

1.       The Contracting Parties shall, subject to exemptions set forth in paragraphs 2 and 4 of this Article, prohibit dumping in the Baltic Sea Area.

2.       Dumping of dredged material shall be subject to a prior special permit issued by the appropriate national authority in accordance with the provisions of Annex V.

3.       Each Contracting Party undertakes to ensure compliance with the provisions of this Article by ships and aircraft:

a)                registered in its territory or flying its flag;

b)                loading, within its territory or territorial sea, matter which is to be dumped; or

c)                believed to be engaged in dumping within its internal waters and territorial sea.

4.       The provisions of this Article shall not apply when the safety of human life or of a ship or aircraft at sea is threatened by the complete destruction or total loss of the ship or aircraft, or in any case which constitutes a danger to human life, if dumping appears to be the only way of averting the threat and if there is every probability that the damage consequent upon such dumping will be less than would otherwise occur. Such dumping shall be so conducted as to minimize the likelihood of damage to human or marine life.

5.       Dumping made under the provisions of paragraph 4 of this Article shall be reported and dealt with in accordance with Annex VII and shall be reported forthwith to the Commission in accordance with the provisions of Regulation 4 of Annex V.

6.       In case of dumping suspected to be in contravention of the provisions of this Article the Contracting Parties shall co-operate in investigating the matter in accordance with Regulation 2 of Annex IV.

Article 12

Exploration and exploitation of the seabed and its subsoil

1. Each Contracting Party shall take all measures in order to prevent pollution of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area resulting from exploration or exploitation of its part of the seabed and the subsoil thereof or from any associated activities thereon as well as to ensure that adequate preparedness is maintained for immediate response actions against pollution incidents caused by such activities.

2. In order to prevent and eliminate pollution from such activities the Contracting Parties undertake to implement the procedures and measures set out in Annex VI, as far as they are applicable.

Article 13

Notification and consultation on pollution incidents

1.       Whenever a pollution incident in the territory of a Contracting Party is likely to cause pollution to the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area outside its territory and adjacent maritime area in which it exercises sovereign rights and jurisdiction according to international law, this Contracting Party shall notify without delay such Contracting Parties whose interests are affected or likely to be affected.

2.       Whenever deemed necessary by the Contracting Parties referred to in paragraph 1, consultations should take place with a view to preventing, reducing and controlling such pollution.

3.       Paragraphs 1 and 2 shall also apply in cases where a Contracting Party has sustained such pollution from the territory of a third state.

Article 14

Co-operation in combatting marine pollution

The Contracting Parties shall individually and jointly take, as set out in Annex VII, all appropriate measures to maintain adequate ability and to respond to pollution incidents in order to eliminate or minimize the consequences of these incidents to the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area.

Article 15

Nature conservation and biodiversity

The Contracting Parties shall individually and jointly take all appropriate measures with respect to the Baltic Sea Area and its coastal ecosystems influenced by the Baltic Sea to conserve natural habitats and biological diversity and to protect ecological processes. Such measures shall also be taken in order to ensure the sustainable use of natural resources within the Baltic Sea Area. To this end, the Contracting Parties shall aim at adopting subsequent instruments containing appropriate guidelines and criteria.

Article 16

Reporting and exchange of information

1. The Contracting Parties shall report to the Commission at regular intervals on:

a)   the legal, regulatory, or other measures taken for the implementation of the provisions of this Convention, of its Annexes and of recommendations adopted thereunder;

b)   the effectiveness of the measures taken to implement the provisions referred to in sub-paragraph a) of this paragraph; and

c) problems encountered in the implementation of the provisions referred to in sub­paragraph a) of this paragraph.

2. On the request of a Contracting Party or of the Commission, the Contracting Parties shall provide information on discharge permits, emission data or data on environmental quality, as far as available.

Article 17

Information to the public

1.       The Contracting Parties shall ensure that information is made available to the public on the condition of the Baltic Sea and the waters in its catchment area, measures taken or planned to be taken to prevent and eliminate pollution and the effectiveness of those measures. For this purpose, the Contracting Parties shall ensure that the following information is made available to the public:

a)   permits issued and the conditions requir
ed to be met;

b)   results of water and effluent sampling carried out for the purposes of monitoring and assessment, as well as results of checking compliance with water-quality objectives or permit conditions; and

c)   water-quality objectives.

2.       Each Contracting Party shall ensure that this information shall be available to the public at all reasonable times and shall provide members of the public with reasonable facilities for obtaining, on payment of reasonable charges, copies of entries in its registers.

Article 18

Protection of information

1.       The provisions of this Convention shall not affect the right or obligation of any Contracting Party under its national law and applicable supra-national regulation to protect information related to intellectual property including industrial and commercial secrecy or national security and the confidentiality of personal data.

2.       If a Contracting Party nevertheless decides to supply such protected information to another Contracting Party, the Party receiving such protected information shall respect the confidentiality of the information received and the conditions under which it is supplied, and shall use that information only for the purposes for which it was supplied.

Article 19

Commission

1.       The Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission, referred to as “the Commission”, is established for the purposes of this Convention.

2.       The Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission, established pursuant to the Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area of 1974, shall be the Commission.

3.       The chairmanship of the Commission shall be given to each Contracting Party in turn in alphabetical order of the names of the Contracting Parties in the English language. The Chairman shall serve for a period of two years, and cannot during the period of chairmanship serve as a representative of the Contracting Party holding the chairmanship.

Should the chairman fail to complete his term, the Contracting Party holding the chairmanship shall nominate a successor to remain in office until the term of that Contracting Party expires.

4.       Meetings of the Commission shall be held at least once a year upon convocation by the Chairman. Extraordinary meetings shall, upon the request of any Contracting Party endorsed by another Contracting Party, be convened by the Chairman to be held as soon as possible, however, not later than ninety days after the date of submission of the request.

5.       Unless otherwise provided under this Convention, the Commission shall take its decisions unanimously.

Article 20

The duties of the Commission

1.      The duties of the Commission shall be:

a)   to keep the implementation of this Convention under continuous observation;

b)   to make recommendations on measures relating to the purposes of this Convention;

c)   to keep under review the contents of this Convention including its Annexes and to recommend to the Contracting Parties such amendments to this Convention including its Annexes as may be required including changes in the lists of substances and materials as well as the adoption of new Annexes;

d)   to define pollution control criteria, objectives for the reduction of pollution, and objectives concerning measures, particularly those described in Annex III;

e)   to promote in close co-operation with appropriate governmental bodies, taking into consideration sub-paragraph f) of this Article, additional measures to protect the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area and for this purpose:

i)    to receive, process, summarize and disseminate relevant scientific, technological and statistical information from available sources; and

ii)   to promote scientific and technological research; and

f)    to seek, when appropriate, the services of competent regional and other international organizations to collaborate in scientific and technological research as well as other relevant activities pertinent to the objectives of this Convention.

2.       The Commission may assume such other functions as it deems appropriate to further the purposes of this Convention.

Article 21

Administrative provisions for the Commission

1.      The working language of the Commission shall be English.

2.       The Commission shall adopt its Rules of Procedure.

3.       The office of the Commission, known as “the Secretariat”, shall be in Helsinki.

4.       The Commission shall appoint an Executive Secretary and make provisions for the appointment of such other personnel as may be necessary, and determine the duties, terms and conditions of service of the Executive Secretary.

5.       The Executive Secretary shall be the chief administrative official of the Commission and shall perform the functions that are necessary for the administration of this Convention, the work of the Commission and other tasks entrusted to the Executive Secretary by the Commission and its Rules of Procedure.

Article 22

Financial provisions for the Commission

1.      The Commission shall adopt its Financial Rules.

2.       The Commission shall adopt an annual or biennial budget of proposed expenditures and consider budget estimates for the fiscal period following thereafter.

3.       The total amount of the budget, including any supplementary budget adopted by the Commission shall be contributed by the Contracting Parties other than the European Economic Community, in equal parts, unless unanimously decided otherwise by the Commission.

4.       The European Economic Community shall contribute no more than 2.5% of the administrative costs to the budget.

5.       Each Contracting Party shall pay the expenses related to the participation in the Commission of its representatives, experts and advisers.

Article 23

Right to vote

1.       Except as provided for in Paragraph 2 of this Article, each Contracting Party shall have one vote in the Commission.

2.       The European Economic Community and any other regional economic integration organization, in matters within their competence, shall exercise their right to vote with a number of votes equal to the number of their member states which are Contracting Parties to this Convention. Such organizations shall not exercise their right to vote if their member states exercise theirs, and vice versa.

Article 24

Scientific and technological co-operation

1.       The Contracting Parties undertake directly, or when appropriate through competent regional or other international organizations, to co-operate in the fields of science, technology and other research, and to exchange data and other scientific information for the purposes of this Convention. In order to facilitate research and monitoring activities in the Baltic Sea Area the Contracting Parties undertake to harmonize their policies with respect to permission procedures for conducting such activities.

2.       Without prejudice to Article 4, paragraph 2 of this Convention the Contracting Parties undertake directly, or when appropriate, through competent regional or other international organizations, to promote studies and to undertake, support or contribute to programmes aimed at developing methods assessing the nature and extent of pollution, pathways, exposures, risks and remedies in the Baltic Sea Area. In particular, the Contracting Parties

undertake to develop alternative methods of treatment, disposal and elimination of such matter and substances that are likely to cause pollution of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area.

3.       Without prejudice to Article 4, Paragraph 2 of this Convention the Contracting Parties undertake directly, or when appropriate through competent regional or other international organizations, and, on the basis of the information and data acquired pursuant to paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article, to co-operate in developing inter-comparable observation methods, in performing baseline studies and in establishing complementary or joint programmes for monitoring.

4.       The organization and scope of work connected with the implementation of tasks referred to in the preceding paragraphs should primarily be outlined by the Commission.

Article 25

Responsibility for damage

The Contracting Parties undertake jointly to develop and accept rules concerning responsibility for damage resulting from acts or omissions in contravention of this Convention, including, inter alia, limits of responsibility, criteria and procedures for the determination of liability and available remedies.

Article 26

Settlement of disputes

1.       In case of a dispute between Contracting Parties as to the interpretation or application of this Convention, they should seek a solution by negotiation. If the Parties concerned cannot reach agreement they should seek the good offices of or jointly request mediation by a third Contracting Party, a qualified international organization or a qualified person.

2.       If the Parties concerned have not been able to resolve their dispute through negotiation or have been unable to agree on measures as described above, such disputes shall be, upon common agreement, submitted to an ad hoc arbitration tribunal, to a permanent arbitration tribunal, or to the International Court of Justice.

Article 27

Safeguard of certain freedoms

Nothing in this Convention shall be construed as infringing upon the freedom of navigation, fishing, marine scientific research and other legitimate uses of the high seas, as well as upon the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea.

Article 28

Status of Annexes

The Annexes attached to this Convention form an integral part of this Convention.

Article 29

Relation to other Conventions

The provisions of this Convention shall be without prejudice to the rights and obligations of the Contracting Parties under existing and future treaties which further and develop the general principles of the Law of the Sea underlying this Convention and, in particular, provisions concerning the prevention of pollution of the marine environment.

Article 30

Conference for the revision or amendment of the Convention

A conference for the purpose of a general revision of or an amendment to this Convention may be convened with the consent of the Contracting Parties or at the request of the Commission.

Article 31

Amendments to the Articles of the Convention

1.       Each Contracting Party may propose amendments to the Articles of this Convention. Any such proposed amendment shall be submitted to the Depositary and communicated by it to all Contracting Parties, which shall inform the Depositary of either their acceptance or rejection of the amendment as soon as possible after receipt of the communication.

A proposed amendment shall, at the request of a Contracting Party, be considered in the Commission. In such a case Article 19 paragraph 4 shall apply. If an amendment is adopted by the Commission, the procedure in paragraph 2 of this Article shall apply.

2.       The Commission may recommend amendments to the Articles of this Convention. Any such recommended amendment shall be submitted to the Depositary and communicated by it to all Contracting Parties, which shall notify the Depositary of either their acceptance or rejection of the amendment as soon as possible after receipt of the communication.

3.       The amendment shall enter into force ninety days after the Depositary has received notifications of acceptance of that amendment from all Contracting Parties.

Article 32

Amendments to the Annexes and the adoption of Annexes

1.      Any amendment to the Annexes proposed by a Contracting Party shall be communicated to the other Contracting Parties by the Depositary and considered in the Commission. If adopted by the Commission, the amendment shall be communicated to the Contracting Parties and recommended for acceptance.

2.       Any amendment to the Annexes recommended by the Commission shall be communicated to the Contracting Parties by the Depositary and recommended for acceptance.

3.       Such amendment shall be deemed to have been accepted at the end of a period determined by the Commission unless within that period any one of the Contracting Parties has, by written notification to the Depositary, objected to the amendment. The accepted amendment shall enter into force on a date determined by the Commission.

The period determined by the Commission shall be prolonged for an additional period of six months and the date of entry into force of the amendment postponed accordingly, if, in exceptional cases, any Contracting Party informs the Depositary before the expiration of the period determined by the Commission that, although it intends to accept the amendment, the constitutional requirements for such an acceptance are not yet fulfilled.

4.       An Annex to this Convention may be adopted in accordance with the provisions of this Article.

Article 33

Reservations

1.      The provisions of this Convention shall not be subject to reservations.

2.       The provision of paragraph 1 of this Articl
e does not prevent a Contracting Party from suspending for a period not exceeding one year the application of an Annex of this Convention or part thereof or an amendment thereto after the Annex in question or the amendment thereto has entered into force. Any Contracting Party to the 1974 Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area, which upon the entry into force of this Convention, suspends the application of an Annex or part thereof, shall apply the corresponding Annex or part thereof to the 1974 Convention for the period of suspension.

3.       If after the entry into force of this Convention a Contracting Party invokes the provisions of paragraph 2 of this Article it shall inform the other Contracting Parties, at the time of the adoption by the Commission of an amendment to an Annex, or a new Annex, of those provisions which will be suspended in accordance with paragraph 2 of this Article.

Article 34

Signature

This Convention shall be open for signature in Helsinki from 9 April 1992 until 9 October 1992 by States and by the European Economic Community participating in the Diplomatic Conference on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area held in Helsinki on 9 April 1992.

Article 35

Ratification, approval and accession

1.      This Convention shall be subject to ratification or approval.

2.       This Convention shall, after its entry into force, be open for accession by any other State or regional economic integration organization interested in fulfilling the aims and purposes of this Convention, provided that this State or organization is invited by all the Contracting Parties. In the case of limited competence of a regional economic integration organization, the terms and conditions of its participation may be agreed upon between the Commission and the interested organization.

3.       The instruments of ratification, approval or accession shall be deposited with the Depositary.

4.       The European Economic Community and any other regional economic integration organization which becomes a Contracting Party to this Convention shall in matters within their competence, on their own behalf, exercise the rights and fulfill the responsibilities which this Convention attributes to their member states. In such cases, the member states of these organizations shall not be entitled to exercise such rights individually.

Article 36

Entry into force

1. This Convention shall enter into force two months after the deposit of the instruments of ratification or approval by all signatory States bordering the Baltic Sea and by the European Economic Community.

2.       For each State which ratifies or approves this Convention before or after the deposit of the last instrument of ratification or approval referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article, this Convention shall enter into force two months after the date of deposit by such State of its instrument of ratification or approval or on the date of the entry into force of this Convention, whichever is the latest date.

3.       For each acceding State or regional economic integration organization this Convention shall enter into force two months after the date of deposit by such State or regional economic integration organization of its instrument of accession.

4.       Upon entry into force of this Convention the Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area, signed in Helsinki on 22 March 1974 as amended, shall cease to apply.

5.       Notwithstanding paragraph 4 of this Article, amendments to the annexes of the said Convention adopted by the Contracting Parties to the said Convention between the signing of this Convention and its entry into force, shall continue to apply until the corresponding annexes of this Convention have been amended accordingly.

6.       Notwithstanding paragraph 4 of this Article, recommendations and decisions adopted under the said Convention shall continue to be applicable to the extent that they are compatible with, or not explicitly terminated by this Convention or any decision adopted thereunder.

Article 37

Withdrawal

1.       At any time after the expiry of five years from the date of entry into force of this Convention any Contracting Party may, by giving written notification to the Depositary, withdraw from this Convention. The withdrawal shall take effect for such Contracting Party on the thirtieth day of June of the year which follows the year in which the Depositary was notified of the withdrawal.

2.       In case of notification of withdrawal by a Contracting Party the Depositary shall convene a meeting of the Contracting Parties for the purpose of considering the effect of the withdrawal.

Article 38

Depositary

The Government of Finland, acting as Depositary, shall:

a) notify all Contracting Parties and the Executive Secretary of:

i)    the signatures;

ii)   the deposit of any instrument of ratification, approval or accession;

iii)  any date of entry into force of this Convention;

iv)  any proposed or recommended amendment to any Article or Annex or the adoption of a new Annex as well as the date on which such amendment or new Annex enters into force;

v)

any notification, and the date of its receipt, under Articles 31 and 32;

vi)  any notification of withdrawal and the date on which such withdrawal takes effect;

vii) any other act or notification relating to this Convention;

b) transmit certified copies of this Convention to acceding States and regional economic integration organizations.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized thereto, have signed this Convention.

DONE at Helsinki, this ninth day of April one thousand nine hundred and ninety two in a single authentic copy in the English language which shall be deposited with the Government of Finland. The Government of Finland shall transmit certified copies to all Signatories.

For the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic

For the Kingdom of Denmark (signed 9 April 1992

deposited instrument of ratification 18 April 1996)

For the Republic of Estonia (signed 9 April 1992

deposited instrument of ratification 8 June 1995)

For the Republic of Finland (signed 9 April 1992

deposited instrument of ratification 16 June 1995)

For the Federal Republic of Germany (signed 9 April 1992

deposited instrument of ratification 11 November 1994)

For the Republic of Latvia (signed 9 April 1992

deposited inst
rument of ratification 17 June 1994)

For the Republic of Lithuania (signed 9 April 1992

deposited instrument of ratification 30 April 1997)

For the Kingdom of Norway

For the Republic of Poland (signed 9 April 1992

deposited instrument of ratification 15 November 1999)

For the Russian Federation (signed 9 April 1992

deposited instrument of ratification 17 November 1999)

For the Kingdom of Sweden (signed 9 April 1992

deposited instrument of ratification 9 March 1994)

For the European Economic Community (signed 24 September 1992

deposited instrument of ratification 20 September 1994)

Annex I

Harmful substances

PART 1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES

1.0              Introduction

In order to fulfil the requirements of relevant parts of this Convention the following procedure shall be used by the Contracting Parties in identifying and evaluating harmful substances, as defined in Article 2, paragraph 7.

1.1              Criteria on the allocation of substances

The identification and evaluation of substances shall be based on the intrinsic properties of

substances, namely:

–         persistency;

–         toxicity or other noxious properties;

–         tendency to bio-accumulation,

as well as on characteristics liable to cause pollution, such as

–     the ratio between observed concentrations and concentrations having no observed effect;

–         anthropogenically caused risk of eutrophication;

–         transboundary or long-range significance;

–     risk of undesirable changes in the marine ecosystem and irreversibility or durability of effects;

–         radioactivity;

–     serious interference with harvesting of sea-foods or with other legitimate uses of the sea;

–     distribution pattern (i.e. quantities involved, use pattern and liability to reach the marine environment);

–     proven carcinogenic, teratogenic or mutagenic properties in or through the marine environment.

These characteristics are not necessarily of equal importance for the identification and

evaluation of a particular substance or group of substances.

1.2

Priority groups of harmful substances

The Contracting Parties shall, in their preventive measures, give priority to the following

groups of substances which are generally recognized as harmful substances:

a)       heavy metals and their compounds;

b)      organohalogen compounds;

c)       organic compounds of phosphorus and tin;

d)   pesticides, such as fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, slimicides and chemicals used for the preservation of wood, timber, wood pulp, cellulose, paper, hides and textiles;

e)      oils and hydrocarbons of petroleum origin;

f)        other organic compounds especially harmful to the marine environment;

g)       nitrogen and phosphorus compounds;

h)      radioactive substances, including wastes;

i)        persistent materials which may float, remain in suspension or sink;

j) substances which cause serious effects on taste and/or smell of products for human consumption from the sea, or effects on taste, smell, colour, transparency or other characteristics of the water.

PART 2 BANNED SUBSTANCES

In order to protect the Baltic Sea Area from hazardous substances, the Contracting Parties shall prohibit, totally or partially, the use of the following substances or groups of substances in the Baltic Sea Area and its catchment area:

2.1              Substances banned for all final uses, except for drugs

DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(chlorophenyl)-ethane) and its derivatives DDE and DDD;

2.2              Substances banned for all uses, except in existing closed system

equipment until the end of service life or for research, development and analytical purposes

a)       PCB’s (polychlorinated biphenyls);

b)      PCT’s (polychlorinated terphenyls).

2.3              Substances banned for certain applications

Organotin compounds for antifouling paints for pleasure craft under 25 m and fish net cages.

PART 3 PESTICIDES

In order to protect the Baltic Sea Area from hazardous substances, the Contracting Parties shall endeavour to minimize and, whenever possible, to ban the use of the following substances as pesticides in the Baltic Sea Area and its catchment area:

Annex II

Criteria for the use of Best Environmental Practice and Best Available Technology

Regulation 1; General provisions

1.      In accordance with the relevant parts of this Convention the Contracting Parties shall apply the criteria for Best Environmental Practice and Best Available Technology described below.

2.       In order to prevent and eliminate pollution the Contracting Parties shall use Best Environmental Practice for all sources and Best Available Technology for point sources, minimizing or eliminating inputs to water and air from all sources by providing control strategies.

Regulation 2; Best Environmental Practice

1.      The term “Best Environmental Practice” is taken to mean the application of the most

appropriate combination of measures. In selecting for individual cases, at least the following

graduated range of measures should be considered:

–     provision of information and education to the public and to users about the environmental consequences of choosing particular activities and products, their use and final disposal;

–     the development and application of Codes of Good Environmental Practice covering all aspects of activity in the product’s life;

–     mandatory labels informing the public and users of environmental risks related to a product, its use and final disposal;

–        availability of collection and disposal systems;

–        saving of resources, including energy;

–        recycling, recovery and re-use;

–     avoiding the use of hazardous substances and products and the generation of hazardous waste;

–     application of economic instruments to activities, products or groups of products and emissions;

–        a system of licencing involving a range of restrictions or a ban.

2.       In determining in general or individual cases what combination of measures constitute

Best Environmental Practice, particular consideration should be given to:

–        the precautionary principle;

–        the ecological risk associated with the product, its production, use and final disposal;

–        avoidance or substitution by less polluting activities or substances;

–        scale of use;

–        potential environmental benefit or penalty of substitute materials or activities;

–        advances and changes in scientific knowledge and understanding;

time limits for implementation; social and economic implications.

Regulation 3; Best Available Technology

1.      The term “Best Available Technology” is taken to mean the latest stage of development (state of the art) of processes, of facilities or of methods of operation which indicate the practical suitability of a particular measure for limiting discharges.

2.       In determining whether a set of processes, facilities and methods of operation constitute the Best Available Technology in general or individual cases, special consideration should be given to:

–     comparable processes, facilities or methods of operation which have recently been successfully tried out;

–     technological advances and changes in scientific knowledge and understanding;

–     the economic feasibility of such technology;

–     time limits for application;

–     the nature and volume of the emissions concerned;

–     non-waste/low-waste technology;

–     the precautionary principle.

Regulation 4; Future developments

It therefore follows that “Best Environmental Practice” and “Best Available Technology” will change with time in the light of technological advances and economic and social factors, as well as changes in scientific knowledge and understanding.

Annex III

Criteria and measures concerning the prevention of pollution from land-based sources

Part I Prevention of Pollution from Industry and Municipalities

Regulation 1: General provisions

In accordance with the relevant parts of this Convention the Contracting Parties shall apply the criteria and measures in this Annex in the whole catchment area and take into account Best Environmental Practice (BEP) and Best Available Technology (BAT) as described in Annex II.

Regulation 2: Specific requirements

1.       Municipal sewage water shall be treated at least by biological or other methods equally effective with regard to reduction of significant parameters. Substantial reduction shall be introduced for nutrients.

2.       Water management in industrial plants should aim at closed water systems or at a high rate of circulation in order to avoid waste water wherever possible.

3.       Industrial waste waters should be separately treated before mixing with diluting waters.

4.       Waste waters containing hazardous substances or other relevant substances shall not be jointly treated with other waste waters unless an equal reduction of the pollutant load is achieved compared to the separate purification of each waste water stream. The improvement of waste water quality shall not lead to a significant increase in the amount of harmful sludge.

5.       Limit values for emissions containing harmful substances to water and air shall be stated in special permits.

6.       Industrial plants and other point sources connected to municipal treatment plants shall use Best Available Technology in order to avoid hazardous substances which cannot be made harmless in the municipal sewage treatment plant or which may disturb the processes in the plant. I
n addition, measures according to Best Environmental Practice shall be taken.

7.       Pollution from fish-farming shall be prevented and eliminated by promoting and implementing Best Environmental Practice and Best Available Technology.

8.       Pollution from diffuse sources, including agriculture, shall be eliminated by promoting and implementing Best Environmental Practice.

9.       Pesticides used shall comply with the criteria established by the Commission.

Regulation 3: Principles for issuing permits for industrial plants

The Contracting Parties undertake to apply the following principles and procedures when issuing the permits referred to in Article 6, paragraph 3 of this Convention:

1.       The operator of the industrial plant shall submit data and information to the appropriate national authority using a form of application. It is recommended that the operator negotiates with the appropriate national authority concerning the data required for the application before submitting the application to the authority (agreement on the scope of required information and surveys).

At least the following data and information shall be included in the application: General information

–         name, branch, location and number of employees. Actual situation and/or planned activities

–         site of discharge and/or emission;

–         type of production, amount of production and/or processing;

–         production processes;

–         type and amount of raw materials, agents and/or intermediate products;

–     amount and quality of untreated wastewater and raw gas from all relevant sources (e.g. process water, cooling water);

–     treatment of wastewater and raw gas with respect to type, process and efficiency of pretreatment and/or final treatment;

–     treated wastewater and raw gas with respect to amount and quality at the outlet of the pretreatment and/or final treatment facilities;

–     amount and quality of solid and liquid wastes generated during the process and the treatment of wastewater and raw gas;

–         treatment of solid and liquid wastes;

–         information about measures to prevent process failures and accidental spills;

–         present status and possible impact on the environment.

Alternatives and their various impacts concerning, e.g., ecological, economic and safety aspects, if necessary

–         other possible production processes;

–         other possible raw materials, agents and/or intermediate products;

–         other possible treatment technologies.

2.       The appropriate national authority shall evaluate the present status and potential impact of the planned activities on the environment.

3.       The appropriate national authority issues the permit after comprehensive assessment with special consideration of the above mentioned aspects. At least the following shall be laid down in the permit:

–     characterizations of all components (e.g. production capacity) which influence the amount and quality of discharge and/or emissions;

–     limit values for amount and quality (load and/or concentration) of direct and indirect discharges and emissions;

–         instructions concerning:

–         construction and safety;

–         production processes and/or agents;

–         operation and maintenance of treatment facilities;

–         recovery of materials and substances and waste disposal;

–         type and extent of control to be performed by the operator (self-control);

–         measures to be taken in case of process failures and accidental spills;

–         analytical methods to be used;

–         schedule for modernization, retrofitting and investigations done by the operator;

–     schedule for reports of the operator on monitoring and/or selfcontrol, retrofitting and investigation measures.

4. The appropriate national authority or an independent institution authorized by the

appropriate national authority shall:

–     inspect the amount and quality of discharges and/or emissions by sampling and analysing;

–         control the attainment of the permit requirements;

–     arrange monitoring of the various impacts of wastewater discharges and emissions into the atmosphere;

–         review the permit when necessary.

Part II Prevention of Pollution from Agriculture

Regulation 1: General provisions

In accordance with the relevant parts of this Convention, the Contracting Parties shall apply the measures described below and take into account Best Environment Practice (BEP) and Best Available Technology (BAT) to reduce the pollution from agricultural activities. The Contracting Parties shall elaborate Guidelines containing elements specified below and report to the Commission.

Regulation 2: Plant nutrients

The Contracting Parties shall integrate the following basic principles into national legislation or guidelines and adapt them to the prevailing conditions within the country to reduce the adverse environmental effects of agriculture. Specified requirement levels shall be considered to be a minimum basis for national legislation.

1.      Animal density

To ensure that manure is not produced in excess in comparison to the amount of arable land, there must be a balance between the number of animals on the farm and the amount of land available for spreading manure, expressed as animal density. The maximum number of animals should be determined with consideration taken of the need to balance between the amount of phosphorus and nitrogen in manure and the crops’ requirements for plant nutrients.

2.       Location and design of farm animal houses

Farm animal houses and similar enclosures for animals should be located and designed in such a way that ground and surface water will not be polluted.

3.       Construction of manure storage

Manure storage must be of such a quality that prevents losses. The storage capacity shall be sufficiently large to ensure that manure only will be spread when the plants can utilize nutrients. The minimum level to be required should be 6 months’ storage capacit
y.

Manure storage should be constructed to safeguard against unintentional spillages and be of such a quality that prevents losses. With regard to different types of manure, the following principles should be considered:

– solid manure should be stored in dung yards with watertight floor and side walls

–     liquid manure and farm waste should be stored in containers that are made of strong material impermeable to moisture and resistant to impacts of manure handling operations.

Animal manure should be used in such a way that as high a utilisation efficiency as possible is promoted.

Co-operation between farmers in the use of manure has to be encouraged

5.      Agricultural wastewater and silage effluents

Waste water from animal housing should either be stored in urine or slurry stores or else be treated in some suitable manner to prevent pollution. Effluents from manure or from preparation and storage of silage should be collected and directed to storage units for urine or liquid manure.

6.      Application of organic manures

Organic manures (slurry, solid manure, urine, sewage sludge, composts, etc) should be used in such a way that a high utilisation efficiency can be achieved. Organic manures shall be spread in a way that minimises the risk of loss of plant nutrients and should not be spread on soils that are frozen, water saturated or covered with snow. Organic manures should be incorporated as soon as possible after application on bare soils. Periods shall be defined when no application is accepted.

7.      Application rates for nutrients

The application of nutrients in agricultural land shall be limited, based on a balance between the foreseeable nutrient requirements of the crops and the nutrient supply to the crops from the soil and the nutrients with a view to minimise eutrophication.

National guidelines should be developed with fertilising recommendations and they should make reference to:

–     soil conditions, soil nutrient content, soil type and slope;

–     climatic conditions and irrigation;

–     land use and agricultural practices, including crop rotation systems;

–     all external potential nutrient sources.

The amount of livestock manure applied to the land each year including by the animals themselves should not exceed the amount of manure containing:

–     170 kg/ha nitrogen

–     25 kg/ha phosphorus

with a view to avoiding nutrient surplus, taking soil characteristics, agricultural practices and crop types into account.

8.       Winter crop cover

In relevant regions the cultivated area should be sufficiently covered by crops in winter and autumn to effectively reduce the loss of plant nutrients.

9.       Water protection measures and nutrient reduction areas

Protection measures should be established to prevent nutrient losses to water particularly as regards

–     Surface water: buffer zones, riparian zones or sedimentation ponds should be established, if necessary.

–     Groundwater: Groundwater protection zones should be established if necessary. Appropriate measures such as reduced fertilisation rates, zones where manure spreading is prohibited and permanent grassland areas should be established.

–     Nutrient reduction areas: Wetland areas should be retained and where possible restored, to be able to reduce plant nutrient losses and to retain biological diversity.

10. Ammonia emissions

In order to reduce ammonia emissions from animal husbandry, a surplus of nitrogen in the manure should be avoided by adjusting the composition of the diet to the requirements of the individual animal. In poultry production, emissions should be brought down by reducing the moisture content of the manure or by removal of manure to storage outside the housing system as soon as possible.

Programmes including strategies and measures for reducing ammonia volatilisation from animal husbandry should be developed.

Urine and slurry stores should be covered or handled by a method that efficiently reduces ammonia emissions.

Regulation 3: Plant protection products

Plant protection products shall only be handled and used according to a national risk reduction strategy which shall be based on BEP. The strategy should be based on an inventory of the existing problems and define suitable goals. It shall include measures such as:

1.      Registration and approval

Plant protection products shall not be sold, imported or applied until registration and approval for such purposes has been granted by the national authorities.

2.       Storage and handling

Storage and handling of plant protection products shall be carried out so that the risks of spillage or leakage are prevented. Some crucial areas are transportation and filling and cleaning of equipment. Other dispersal of plant protection products outside the treated agricultural land area shall be prevented. Waste of plant protection products shall be disposed of according to national legislation.

3.       Licence

A licence shall be required for commercial use of plant protection products. To obtain a licence, suitable education and training on how to handle plant protection products with a minimum of impact on health and the environment shall be required. The users’ knowledge regarding the handling and usage of plant protection products shall be updated regularly.

4.       Application technology

Application technology and practice should be designed to prevent unintentional drift or runoff of plant protection products. Establishment of protection zones along surface waters should be encouraged. Application by aircraft shall be forbidden; exceptional cases require authorisation.

5.       Testing of spraying equipment

Testing of spraying equipment at regular intervals shall be promoted to ensure a reliable result when spraying with plant protection products.

6. Alternative methods of control

Development of alternative methods for plant protection control should be encouraged. Regulation 4: Environmental permits

Farms with livestock production above a specified size should require approval with regard to environmental aspects and impacts of the farms.

Installations for the intensive rearing of poultry, pigs and cattle with more than 40,000 places for poultry, 2,000 places for production pigs (over 30 kg), 750 places for sows or 400 animal units cattle shall have a permit fully co-ordinated by the relevant authorities.

The permits must take into account the w
hole environmental performance of the enterprise, covering e.g. emissions to air, water and land, generation of waste and prevention of environmental accidents. The permit conditions must be based on BAT.

The competent authorities, in determining permit conditions, can take into account the technical characteristics of the enterprise, its geographical location and the local environmental conditions.

These large animal enterprises shall be considered as point sources and shall have adequate measures.

For installations with more than 100 AU the Contracting Parties shall put in practice general rules or a system corresponding to a simplified permit system to ensure the implementation of the requirements in this Annex.

Both of these permit systems shall be applied to existing installations and new installations and existing installations which are subject to substantial changes by 2012.

Regulation 5: Monitoring and evaluation

The Contracting Parties shall describe the implementation and monitoring of measures in this Annex in their national programmes.

To evaluate the effectiveness of the measures, the Contracting Parties shall develop projects to assess the effects of measures and the impacts of the agricultural sector on the environment.

Regulation 6: Education, information and extension service

The Contracting Parties shall promote systems for education, information and extension (advisory service) on environmental issues in the agricultural sector.

Annex IV

Prevention of pollution from ships

Regulation 1; Co-operation

The Contracting Parties shall, in matters concerning the protection of the Baltic Sea Area from pollution by ships, co-operate:

a)   within the International Maritime Organization, in particular in promoting the development of international rules, based, inter alia, on the fundamental principles and obligations of this Convention which also includes the promotion of the use of Best Available Technology and Best Environmental Practice as defined in Annex II;

b)   in the effective and harmonized implementation of rules adopted by the International Maritime Organization.

Regulation 2; Assistance in investigations

The Contracting Parties shall, without prejudice to Article 4, paragraph 3 of this Convention, assist each other as appropriate in investigating violations of the existing legislation on anti­pollution measures, which have occurred or are suspected to have occurred within the Baltic Sea Area. This assistance may include but is not limited to inspection by the competent authorities of oil record books, cargo record books, log books and engine log books and taking oil samples for analytical identification purposes.

Regulation 3; Definitions

For the purposes of this Annex:

1.   “Administration” means the Government of the Contracting Party under whose authority the ship is operating. With respect to a ship entitled to fly a flag of any State, the Administration is the Government of that State. With respect to fixed or floating platforms engaged in exploration and exploitation of the sea-bed and subsoil thereof adjacent to the coast over which the coastal State exercises sovereign rights for the purposes of exploration and exploitation of their natural resources, the Administration is the Government of the coastal State concerned.

2.       a) “Discharge”, in relation to harmful substances or effluents containing such

substances, means any release howsoever caused from a ship and includes any escape, disposal, spilling, leaking, pumping, emitting or emptying;

b) “Discharge” does not include:

i) dumping within the meaning of the Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter done at London on 29 December 1972; or

ii)   release of harmful substances directly arising from the exploration, exploitation and associated off-shore processing of sea-bed mineral resources; or

iii)  release of harmful substances for purposes of legitimate scientific research into pollution abatement or control.

3.   The term “from the nearest land” means from the baseline from which the territorial sea of the territory in question is established in accordance with international law.

4.   The term “jurisdiction” shall be interpreted in accordance with international law in force at the time of application or interpretation of this Annex.

5.   The term “MARPOL 73/78” means the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto.

Regulation 4; Application of the Annexes of MARPOL 73/78

1.   The Contracting Parties shall apply the provisions of Annexes I-V of MARPOL 73/78.

2.   At the entry into force of the revised Regulation 13G of Annex I to MARPOL 73/78 the Contracting Parties:

a)   shall amend the conditions under which ships are permitted to fly their flags so as not to allow the operation of ships which may not comply with the requirements of Regulation 13F in accordance with Regulation 13G(4);

b)   shall refrain from making use of the provisions of either paragraph (5)(a) or paragraph (5)(b) of Regulation 13G and thus will not allow ships entitled to fly their flag to which paragraph (5)(a) and (5)(b) may be applied to continue operating beyond the date specified in Regulation 13G(4); and

c)   shall make use, as from 1 January 2015, of the provisions of paragraph 8(b) of Regulation 13G for the purpose of denying entry into their ports or offshore terminals of ships which have been permitted, on the basis of the provisions of paragraph (5)(a) or (5)(b) of Regulation 13G, to continue operating beyond the anniversary of the date of their delivery in 2015;

d)   may under exceptional circumstances allow an individual ship not complying with Regulation 13F in accordance with Regulation 13G(4), to enter their ports or off­shore terminals, when:

–     an oil tanker is in difficulty and in search of a safe haven or of a place of refuge,

–     an unloaded oil tanker is proceeding to a port of repair.

3.   As from 1 January 2004 the Contracting Parties shall:

a) Apply the provisions for discharge of sewage as stated in Regulation 11, Paragraphs 1 and 3 of the revised Annex IV of MARPOL 73/78; and

b) Ensure the provision of facilities at ports and terminals for the reception of sewage as stated in Regulation 12, Paragraph 1 of the revised Annex IV of MARPOL 73/78.”

Regulation 5; Discharge of sewage by other ships

A.  Compliance

All other ships including pleasure craft not referred to in Regulation 2 of the revised Annex IV of MARPOL 73/78 fitted with toilets shall comply with Regulation 1
, Paragraph 3 and 4, Regulation 11, Paragraphs 1 and 3 and Regulation 3 of the revised Annex IV of MARPOL 73/78 as follows, cf. paragraph D below:

a)   on 1 January 2005 for ships built before 1 January 2000, and

b)   upon the entry into force of this Regulation for ships built on or after 1 January 2000.

B.  Toilet retention systems

Ships referred to in paragraph A shall be fitted with toilet retention systems for sewage in accordance with guidelines approved by the Helsinki Commission.

C.  Reception facilities

1.   Regulation 12, Paragraph 1 of the revised Annex IV of MARPOL 73/78 shall apply, as appropriate, to ships referred to in Paragraph A.

2.   To enable pipes of reception facilities to be connected with the discharge pipeline of ships referred to in Paragraph A, both lines shall be fitted with a standard discharge connection in accordance with guidelines approved by the Helsinki Commission.

D.  Exceptions

a) Provisions of paragraph A and B of this regulation may not apply to certain types of pleasure craft and other ships fitted with toilets not referred to in Regulation 2 of the revised Annex IV of MARPOL 73/78 if

i)    according to guidelines approved by the Helsinki Commission the installation of toilet retention systems in these pleasure craft and other ships is technically difficult or the costs of installation is high compared to the value of the ship, and

ii)   these pleasure craft and other ships are built before 1 January 2000.

b)   A Contracting Party making use of the exceptions stated above shall inform the Helsinki Commission of the concrete wording of the exception, who shall then inform the other Contracting Parties.

c)   This paragraph is only valid for waters under the jurisdiction of the said Contracting Party.

Regulation 6; Mandatory discharge of all wastes to a port reception facility

A. Definitions

For the purpose of this Regulation:

1. “Ship-generated wastes” means all residues generated during the service of the ship, including oily residues from engine room spaces, sewage, and garbage as defined in Annex V of MARPOL 73/78, cargo associated waste including but not limited to

loading/unloading excess and spillage, dunnage, shoring, pallets, lining and packing materials, plywood, paper, cardboard, wire and steel strapping;

2. “Cargo residues” means the remnants of any cargo material on board in cargo holds which remain for disposal after unloading procedures are completed.

B. Discharge of wastes to a port reception facility

Before leaving port ships shall discharge all ship-generated wastes, which are not allowed to be discharged into the sea in the Baltic Sea Area in accordance with MARPOL 73/78 and this Convention, to a port reception facility. Before leaving port all cargo residues shall be discharged to a port reception facility in accordance with the requirements of MARPOL 73/78.

C. Exemptions

1.   Exemptions may be granted by the Administration from mandatory discharge of all wastes to a port reception facility taking into account the need for special arrangements for, e.g., passenger ferries engaged in short voyages. The Administration shall inform the Helsinki Commission on the issued exemptions.

2.   In case of inadequate reception facilities ships shall have the right to properly stow and keep wastes on board for delivery to next adequate port reception facility. The Port Authority or the Operator shall provide a ship with a document informing on inadequacy of reception facilities.

3.   A ship should be allowed to keep on board minor amounts of wastes which are unreasonable to discharge to port reception facilities.

Regulation 7; Incineration of ship-generated wastes on board ships

A.  Definition

For the purpose of this Regulation “incineration of ship-generated wastes on board ships” means the deliberate combustion of ship-generated wastes, incidental to the normal operation of ships, for the purpose of thermal destruction of such wastes.

B.  Prohibition

The Contracting Parties shall prohibit any incineration of ship-generated wastes on board ships, irrespective of their nationality, operating in their territorial seas.

Regulation 8; Improved hydrographic services and promotion of the use of Electronic Navigational Charts (ENC)

1. The Contracting Parties:

a) shall develop a scheme for systematic re-surveying of major shipping routes and ports in order to ensure that safety of navigation is not endangered by inadequate source information. The survey shall be carried out to a standard not inferior to the latest edition of IHO S-44. The scheme shall be elaborated jointly by the

hydrographic services responsible for the areas in question not later than by the end of 2002 with the aim to begin implementation by 2003.

b) shall develop Electronic Navigational Charts (ENC):

i)    for major shipping routes and ports by the end of 2002. Major shipping routes and ports shall be selected on the basis of volumes of dangerous goods and number of passengers; and

ii)                   for secondary shipping routes and ports by the end of 2004. 2. The Contracting Parties:

a)   shall accept Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems (ECDIS) as equivalent to paper charts in accordance with Chapter V of SOLAS;

b)   undertake to enter into negotiations with shippers and recipients in their States, who are involved in transport of goods to and from ports in the Baltic Sea Area, with the aim that the commercial parties (e.g. national shippers and receivers) make arrangements to the effect that:

– ships with a draft of 11 metres or more, oil tankers with a draft of 7 metres or more, chemical tankers and gas carriers irrespective of size and ships carrying a shipment of INF cargo carry ECDIS;

c)   shall by the end of the year 2002 as a matter of particular interest ensure that port State control of paper charts is intensified on board ships with a draught of 11 metres or more, oil tankers with a draft of 7 metres or more, chemical tankers and gas carriers irrespective of size and ships carrying a shipment of INF cargo.

Regulation 9; Use of Automatic Identification Systems (AIS)

The Contracting Parties:

a)   shall establish national, land-based monitoring systems for ships, based on AIS signals. A full monitoring of the Baltic Sea Area within A1 sea area shall take place not later than 1 July 2005;

b)   shall establish a common Baltic Sea monitoring system based on – and with access to – all national Baltic AIS monitoring systems; and

c)   shall elaborate reliable statistics
on ships’ traffic in the Baltic Sea Area to assess the need for further additional measures to improve the safety of navigation and the emergency capacity. These statistics shall be elaborated on the basis of specified and conformed national AIS data.

Regulation 10; Port State control

The Contracting Parties shall carry out port State control on the basis of either the 1982 Paris Memorandum of Understanding on Port State Control or the Council Directive 95/21/EC of 19 June 1995, as amended, concerning the enforcement, in respect of shipping using Community ports and sailing in the waters under the jurisdiction of the Member States, of

international standards for ship safety, pollution prevention and shipboard living and working

conditions (port State control).

Regulation 11; Promotion of a safety and environmental culture through the

establishment of a common procedure for the investigations into marine casualties

The Contracting Parties:

a)   shall identify major non conformities under the ISM Code when investigating any safety or environment related occurrences on board a ship and marine casualties, distribute the findings to the maritime industry via IMO with the aim to improve safety management systems applied and act accordingly with respect to the possible withdrawal of the Document of Compliance or the Safety Management Certificate; and

b)   shall make use of the IMO Code for the Investigation of Marine Casualties and Incidents with a view to co-operating if involved as flag State or other substantially interested State and to exchange, within the legal framework of data protection, the data of the voyage data recorders of involved ships under their flag.

Regulation 12; Places of refuge

The Contracting Parties:

a) shall, following-up the work of EC and IMO, draw up plans to accommodate, in the waters under their jurisdiction, ships in distress in order to ensure that ships in distress may immediately go to a place of refuge subject to authorisation by the competent authority; and

b) shall exchange details on plans for accommodating ships in distress.

Annex V

Exemptions from the general prohibition of dumping of waste and other matter in the Baltic Sea Area

Regulation 1

In accordance with Article 11, paragraph 2 of this Convention the prohibition of dumping shall not apply to the disposal at sea of dredged materials provided that:

a)   the dumping of dredged material containing harmful substances indicated in Annex I is only permitted according to the guidelines adopted by the Commission; and

b)   the dumping is carried out under a prior special permit issued by the appropriate national authority, either

i)    within the area of internal waters and the territorial sea of the Contracting Party; or

ii)   outside the area of internal waters and the territorial sea, whenever necessary, after prior consultations in the Commission.

When issuing such permits the Contracting Party shall comply with the provisions in Regulation 3 of this Annex.

Regulation 2

1.   The appropriate national authority referred to in Article 11, paragraph 2 of of this Convention shall:

a)   issue the special permits provided for in Regulation 1 of this Annex;

b)   keep records of the nature and quantities of matter permitted to be dumped and the location, time and method of dumping;

c)   collect available information concerning the nature and quantities of matter that has been dumped in the Baltic Sea Area recently and up to the coming into force of this Convention, provided that the dumped matter in question could be liable to contaminate water or organisms in the Baltic Sea Area, to be caught by fishing equipment, or otherwise to give rise to harm, and information concerning the location, time and method of such dumping.

2.   The appropriate national authority shall issue special permits in accordance with Regulation 1 of this Annex in respect of matter intended for dumping in the Baltic Sea Area:

a) loaded in its territory;

b) loaded by a ship or aircraft registered in its territory or flying its flag, when the loading occurs in the territory of a State which is not a Contracting Party to this Convention.

3. Each Contracting Party shall report to the Commission, and where appropriate to other Contracting Parties, the information specified in sub-paragraph 1 c) of Regulation 2 of this Annex. The procedure to be followed and the nature of such reports shall be determined by the Commission.

Regulation 3

When issuing special permits according to Regulation 1 of this Annex the appropriate national authority shall take into account:

a)   the quantity of dredged material to be dumped;

b)   the content of harmful substances as referred to in Annex I;

c)   the location (e.g. co-ordinates of the dumping area, depth and distance from the coast) and its relation to areas of special interest (e.g. amenity areas, spawning, nursery and fishing areas, etc.);

d)   the water characteristics, if dumping is carried out outside the territorial sea, consisting of:

i)                          hydrographic properties (e.g. temperature, salinity, density, profile);

ii)                         chemical properties (e.g. pH, dissolved oxygen, nutrients);

iii)                        biological properties (e.g. primary production and benthic animals);

the data should include sufficient information on the annual mean levels and seasonal variation of the properties mentioned in this paragraph; and

e)   the existence and effects of other dumping which may have been carried out in the dumping area.

Regulation 4

Reports made in accordance with Article 11, paragraph 5 of this Convention shall include the information to be provided in the Reporting Form to be determined by the Commission.

Annex VI

Prevention of pollution from offshore activities

Regulation 1; Definitions

For the purposes of this Annex:

1.       “Offshore activity” means any exploration and exploitation of oil and gas by a fixed or floating offshore installation or structure including all associated activities thereon;

2.       “Offshore unit” means any fixed or floating offshore installation or structure engaged in gas or oil exploration, exploitation or production activities, or loading or unloading of oil;

3.       “Exploration” includes any drilling act
ivity but not seismic investigations;

4.       “Exploitation” includes any production, well testing or stimulation activity.

Regulation 2; Use of Best Available Technology and Best Environmental Practice

The Contracting Parties undertake to prevent and eliminate pollution from offshore activities by using the principles of Best Available Technology and Best Environmental Practice as defined in Annex II.

Regulation 3; Environmental impact assessment and monitoring

1.       An environmental impact assessment shall be made before an offshore activity is permitted to start. In case of exploitation referred to in Regulation 5 the outcome of this assessment shall be notified to the Commission before the offshore activity is permitted to start.

2.       In connection with the environmental impact assessment the environmental sensitivity of the sea area around a proposed offshore unit should be assessed with respect to the following:

a)   the importance of the area for birds and marine mammals;

b)   the importance of the area as fishing or spawning grounds for fish and shellfish, and for aquaculture;

c)   the recreational importance of the area;

d)   the composition of the sediment measured as: grain size distribution, dry matter, ignition loss, total hydrocarbon content, and Ba, Cr, Pb, Cu, Hg and Cd content;

e) the abundance and diversity of benthic fauna and the content of selected aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons.

3.       In order to monitor the consequent effects of the exploration phase of the offshore activity studies, at least those referred to in sub-paragraph d) above, shall be carried out before and after the operation.

4.       In order to monitor the consequent effects of the exploitation phase of the offshore activity studies, at least those referred to in sub-paragraphs d) and e) above, shall be carried out before the operation, at annual intervals during the operation, and after the operation has been concluded.

Regulation 4; Discharges on the exploration phase

1.       The use of oil-based drilling mud or muds containing other harmful substances shall be restricted to cases where it is necessary for geological, technical or safety reasons and only after prior authorization by the appropriate national authority. In such cases appropriate measures shall be taken and appropriate installations provided in order to prevent the discharge of such muds into the marine environment.

2.       Oil-based drilling muds and cuttings arising from the use of oil-based drilling muds should not be discharged in the Baltic Sea Area but taken ashore for final treatment or disposal in an environmentally acceptable manner.

3.       The discharge of water-based mud and cuttings shall be subject to authorization by the appropriate national authority. Before authorization the content of the water-based mud must be proven to be of low toxicity.

4.       The discharge of cuttings arising from the use of water based drilling mud shall not be permitted in specifically sensitive parts of the Baltic Sea Area such as confined or shallow areas with limited water exchange and areas characterized by rare, valuable or particularly fragile ecosystems.

Regulation 5; Discharges on the exploitation phase

In addition to the provisions of Annex IV the following provisions shall apply to discharges:

a)   all chemicals and materials shall be taken ashore and may be discharged only exceptionally after obtaining permission from the appropriate national authority in each individual operation;

b)   the discharge of production water and displacement water is prohibited unless its oil content is proven to be less than 15 mg/l measured by the methods of analysis and sampling to be adopted by the Commission;

c)   if compliance with this limit value cannot be achieved by the use of Best Environmental Practice and Best Available Technology the appropriate national authority may require adequate additional measures to prevent possible pollution of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area and allow, if necessary, a higher limit value which shall, however, be as low as possible and in no case

exceed 40 mg/l; the oil content shall be measured as provided in sub-paragraph b) above.

d)   the permitted discharge shall not, in any case, create any unacceptable effects on the marine environment;

e)   in order to benefit from the future development in cleaning and production technology, discharge permits shall be regularly reviewed by the appropriate national authority and the discharge limits shall be revised accordingly.

Regulation 6; Reporting procedure

Each Contracting Party shall require that the operator or any other person having charge of the offshore unit shall report in accordance with the provisions of Regulation 5.1 of Annex VII of this Convention.

Regulation 7; Contingency planning

Each offshore unit shall have a pollution emergency plan approved in accordance with the procedure established by the appropriate national authority. The plan shall contain information on alarm and communication systems, organization of response measures, a list of prepositioned equipment and a description of the measures to be taken in different types of pollution incidents.

Regulation 8; Disused offshore units

The Contracting Parties shall ensure that abandoned, disused offshore units and accidentally wrecked offshore units are entirely removed and brought ashore under the responsibility of the owner and that disused drilling wells are plugged.

Regulation 9; Exchange of information

The Contracting Parties shall continuously exchange information through the Commission on the location and nature of all planned or accomplished offshore activities and on the nature and amounts of discharges as well as on contingency measures that are undertaken.

ANNEX VII

Response to pollution incidents

Regulation 1; General Provisions

1.       The Contracting Parties undertake to maintain the ability to respond to pollution incidents threatening the marine environment of the Baltic Sea Area. This ability shall include adequate equipment, ships and manpower prepared for operations in coastal waters as well as on the high sea.

2.       a) In addition to the incidents referred to in Article 13 the Contracting Party shall

also notify without delay those pollution incidents occuring within its response region, which affect or are likely to affect the interests of other Contracting Parties.

b) In the event of a significant pollution incident other Contracting Parties and the Commission shall also be informed as soon as possible.

3.       The Contracting Parties agree that subject to th
eir capabilities and the availability of relevant resources, they shall co-operate in responding to pollution incidents when the severity of such incidents so justify.

4.       In addition the Contracting Parties shall take other measures to:

a)   conduct regular surveillance outside their coastlines; and

b)   otherwise co-operate and exchange information with other Contracting Parties in order to improve the ability to respond to pollution incidents.

Regulation 2; Contingency Planning

Each Contracting Party shall draw up a national contingency plan and in co-operation with other Contracting Parties, as appropriate, bilateral or multilateral plans for a joint response to pollution incidents.

Regulation 3; Surveillance

1.       In order to prevent violations of the existing regulations on prevention of pollution from ships the Contracting Parties shall develop and apply individually or in co-operation, surveillance activities covering the Baltic Sea Area in order to spot and monitor oil and other substances released into the sea.

2.       The Contracting Parties shall undertake appropriate measures to conduct the surveillance referred to in Paragraph 1. by using, inter alia, airborne surveillance equipped with remote sensing systems.

Regulation 4; Response Regions

The Contracting Parties shall as soon as possible agree bilaterally or multilaterally on those regions of the Baltic Sea Area in which they shall conduct surveillance activities and take action to respond whenever a significant pollution incident has occurred or is likely to occur. Such agreements shall not prejudice any other agreements concluded between Contracting Parties concerning the same subject. Neighboring States shall ensure the harmonization of different agreements. Contracting Parties shall inform other Contracting Parties and the Commission about such agreements.

Regulation 5; Reporting Procedure

1. a) Each Contracting Party shall require masters or other persons having

charge of ships flying its flag to report without delay any event on their ship involving a discharge or probable discharge of oil or other harmful substances.

b)   The report shall be made to the nearest coastal state and in accordance with the provisions of Article 8 and Protocol I of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 related thereto (MARPOL 73/78).

c)   The Contracting Parties shall request masters or other persons having charge of ships and pilots of aircraft to report without delay and in accordance with this system on significant spillages of oil or other harmful substances observed at sea. Such reports should as far as possible contain the following data: time, position, wind and sea conditions, and kind, extent and probable source of the spill observed.

2. The provisions of paragraph 1. b) shall also be applied with regard to dumping made under the provisions of Article 11, paragraph 4 of this Convention.

Regulation 6; Emergency Measures on Board Ships

1.       Each Contracting Party shall require that ships entitled to fly its flag have on board a shipboard oil pollution emergency plan as required by and in accordance with the provisions of MARPOL 73/78.

2.       Each Contracting Party shall request masters of ships flying its flag or, in case of fixed or floating platforms operating under its jurisdiction, the persons having charge of platforms to provide, in case of a pollution incident and on request by the proper authorities, such detailed information about the ship and its cargo or in case of platform its production which is relevant to actions for preventing or responding to pollution of the sea, and to co-operate with these authorities.

Regulation 7; Response Measures

1. The Contracting Party shall, when a pollution incident occurs in its response region, make the necessary assessments of the situation and take adequate response action in order to avoid or minimize subsequent pollution effects.

2.       a) The Contracting Parties shall, subject to sub-paragraph b), use mechanical

means to respond to pollution incidents.

b) Chemical agents may be used only in exceptional cases and after authorization, in each individual case, by the appropriate national authority.

3.       When such a spillage is drifting or is likely to drift into a response region of another Contracting Party, that Party shall without delay be informed of the situation and the actions that have been taken.

Regulation 8; Assistance

1.      According to the provisions of paragraph 3 of Regulation 1:

a)   a Contracting Party is entitled to call for assistance by other Contracting Parties when responding to a pollution incident at sea; and

b)   Contracting Parties shall use their best endeavours to bring such assistance.

2.       Contracting Parties shall take necessary legal or administrative measures to facilitate:

a)   the arrival and utilization in and departure from its territory of ships, aircraft and other modes of transport engaged in responding to a pollution incident or transporting personnel, cargoes, materials and equipment required to deal with such an incident; and

b)   the expeditious movement into, through, and out of its territory of personnel, cargoes, materials and equipment referred to in sub-paragraph a).

Regulation 9; Reimbursement of Cost of Assistance

1.       The Contracting Parties shall bear the costs of assistance referred to in Regulation 8 in accordance with this Regulation.

2.       a) If the action was taken by one Contracting Party at the express request of

another Contracting Party, the requesting Party shall reimburse to the assisting Party the costs of the action of the assisting Party. If the request is cancelled the requesting Party shall bear the costs already incurred or committed by the assisting Party.

b)   If the action was taken by a Contracting Party on its own initiative, this Party shall bear the costs of its action.

c)   The principles laid down above in sub-paragraphs a) and b) shall apply unless the Parties concerned otherwise agree in any individual case.

3.       Unless otherwise agreed, the costs of the action taken by a Contracting Party at the request of another Party shall be fairly calculated according to the law and current practice of the assisting Party concerning the reimbursement of such costs.

4. The provisions of this regulation shall not be interpreted as in any way prejudicing the rights of Contracting Parties to recover from third parties the costs of actions taken to deal with pollution incidents under other applicable provisions and rules of international law and national or supra-national regulations.

Regulation 10; Regular Co-operation

1.       Each Contracting Party shall provide information to the other Contracting Parties and the Commission about:

a)   its organization for dealing with spillages at sea of oil and other harmful substances;

b)   its regulations and other matters which have a direct bearing on preparedness and response to pollution at sea by oil and other harmful substances;

c)   the competent authority responsible for receiving and dispatching reports of pollution at sea by oil and other harmful substances;

d)   the competent authorities for dealing with questions concerning measures for mutual assistance, information and co-operation between the Contracting Parties according to this Annex; and

e)   actions taken in accordance with Regulations 7 and 8 of this Annex.

2.       The Contracting Parties shall exchange information on research and development programs, results concerning ways in which pollution by oil and other harmful substances at sea may be dealt with and experiences in surveillance activities and in responding to such pollution.

3.       The Contracting Parties shall on a regular basis arrange joint operational combatting exercises as well as alarm exercises.

4.       The Contracting Parties shall co-operate within the International Maritime Organization in matters concerning the implementation and further development of the International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation.

Regulation 11; HELCOM Combatting Manual

The Contracting Parties agree to apply, as far as practicable, the principles and rules included in the Manual on Co-operation in Combatting Marine Pollution, detailing this Annex and adopted by the Commission or by the Committee designated by the Commission for this purpose.

LIST OF AMENDMENTS

Annex III

After the general title of Annex III the words “Part I; Prevention of Pollution from Industry and Municipalities” are inserted and after Part I new “Part II; Prevention of Pollution from Agriculture” is inserted in accordance with HELCOM Recommendation 21/1, which supersedes HELCOM Recommendation 19/6. These amendments entered into force on 31 December 2000.

Annex IV; Regulations 4, 6-8

In accordance with HELCOM Recommendation 21/2: Regulation 4 is amended and new “Regulation 6; Discharge of sewage by other ships”, “Regulation 7; Mandatory discharge of all wastes to a port reception facility” and ” Regulation 8; Incineration of ship-generated wastes on board ships” are inserted. These amendments entered into force on 31 December 2000.

Annex IV; Regulations 4 and 9-12

In accordance with HELCOM Recommendation 22E/5: Regulation 4 is replaced and new “Regulation 9: Improved hydrographic services and promotion of the use of Electronic Navigational Charts (ENC)”, “Regulation 10: Use of Automatic Identification Systems (AIS)”, “Regulation 11: Port State control”, “Regulation 12: Promotion of a safety and environmental culture through the establishment of a common procedure for the investigations into marine casualties” and “Regulation 13: Places of refuge” are inserted. These amendments entered into force on 1 December 2002.

Annex IV; Regulations 4-13

In accordance with HELCOM Recommendation 24/8: Regulation 4 is amended, Regulation 5 is deleted, and consequently the remaining Regulations 6-13 are renumbered as 5-12; the renumbered Regulation 5 (former 6) is replaced. These amendments entered into force on 1 July 2004.

Annex III; Part II

In accordance with HELCOM Recommendation 28E/4 in “Part II, Prevention of Pollution from Agriculture” both “Regulation 2, Plant nutrients” and “Regulation 4, Environmental permits” are amended; Regulation 5 is amended and renamed to “Monitoring and evaluation”. These amendments entered into force on 15 November 2008.